自中国宣布对7类中重稀土相关物项实施出口管制后，稀土金属价格在数周内达到了创纪录的高位。截至5月1日，欧洲镝价已自4月初以来上涨两倍，达到850美元/公斤；铽价从965美元/公斤上涨至3000美元/公斤，累计涨幅超210%。MultiBank大通金融认为这一现象不仅反映了市场对供应短缺的担忧，也揭示了稀土行业在全球经济中的重要地位。

With the acceleration of global energy transition, high-performance magnets, as the "heart material" of core components such as motors and generators, are facing unprecedented supply-demand contradictions. On the one hand, industries such as new energy vehicles and wind power have driven an average annual growth rate of over 15% in demand for neodymium iron boron magnets; On the other hand, the geopolitical risks and environmental pressures of rare earth resources are driving technological innovation in the industry. In this game of "efficiency" and "safety", from the research and development of rare earth magnets to breakthroughs in recycling technology, global enterprises are launching a silent revolution.

The calculation results of the calculation models found online vary greatly, which one is more accurate? Is there a corresponding relationship between surface magnetism and residual magnetism?

Sintered neodymium iron boron permanent magnets are the highest magnetic materials discovered so far, widely used in various fields such as wind power generation, new energy vehicles, maglev trains, intelligent robots, etc. Sintered neodymium iron boron magnets use powder metallurgy technology, and the raw materials contain highly active rare earth elements, which deteriorate their corrosion resistance in high-temperature and high humidity environments, greatly limiting their use in various complex working conditions. This places higher demands on the comprehensive performance of neodymium iron boron magnets in practical applications.

Sintered neodymium iron boron permanent magnet materials have excellent performance and are widely used in fields such as automobiles, home appliances, wind power, and consumer electronics. They are currently the most important type of permanent magnet material in the market. In recent years, with the booming development of the electronic information industry, wind power, and new energy vehicles, the demand for neodymium iron boron has been increasing, and the annual output of sintered neodymium iron boron has gradually increased. During the production process of sintering neodymium iron boron, a large amount of production waste is generated. At the same time, more and more electromechanical equipment containing neodymium iron boron magnets are being scrapped, resulting in a large amount of neodymium iron boron waste. The rare earth element content in neodymium iron boron materials accounts for more than 30%, and rare earth resources are non renewable. Using economically effective methods to recycle valuable substances from neodymium iron boron waste can create certain economic value, save resources, and reduce environmental pollution.